<h2> PART THREE. BEYOND THE NORTH WIND </h2>
<p>I TRIED to forget my thirst by busying myself with bringing up some food
and an empty vessel from the hold. Reaching over the side-rail, I filled
the vessel with water for the purpose of laving my hands and face. To my
astonishment, when the water came in contact with my lips, I could taste
no salt. I was startled by the discovery. "Father!" I fairly gasped, "the
water, the water; it is fresh!" "What, Olaf?" exclaimed my father,
glancing hastily around. "Surely you are mistaken. There is no land. You
are going mad." "But taste it!" I cried.</p>
<p>And thus we made the discovery that the water was indeed fresh, absolutely
so, without the least briny taste or even the suspicion of a salty flavor.</p>
<p>We forthwith filled our two remaining water-casks, and my father declared
it was a heavenly dispensation of mercy from the gods Odin and Thor.</p>
<p>We were almost beside ourselves with joy, but hunger bade us end our
enforced fast. Now that we had found fresh water in the open sea, what
might we not expect in this strange latitude where ship had never before
sailed and the splash of an oar had never been heard? (11)</p>
<p>(11 In vol. I, page 196, Nansen writes: "It is a peculiar phenomenon,—this
dead water. We had at present a better opportunity of studying it than we
desired. It occurs where a surface layer of fresh water rests upon the
salt water of the sea, and this fresh water is carried along with the ship
gliding on the heavier sea beneath it as if on a fixed foundation. The
difference between the two strata was in this case so great that while we
had drinking water on the surface, the water we got from the bottom cock
of the engine-room was far too salt to be used for the boiler.")</p>
<p>We had scarcely appeased our hunger when a breeze began filling the idle
sails, and, glancing at the compass, we found the northern point pressing
hard against the glass.</p>
<p>In response to my surprise, my father said, "I have heard of this before;
it is what they call the dipping of the needle."</p>
<p>We loosened the compass and turned it at right angles with the surface of
the sea before its point would free itself from the glass and point
according to unmolested attraction. It shifted uneasily, and seemed as
unsteady as a drunken man, but finally pointed a course.</p>
<p>Before this we thought the wind was carrying us north by northwest, but,
with the needle free, we discovered, if it could be relied upon, that we
were sailing slightly north by northeast. Our course, however, was ever
tending northward.(12)</p>
<p>(12 In volume II, pages 18 and 19, Nansen writes about the inclination of
the needle. Speaking of Johnson, his aide: "One day—it was November
24—he came in to supper a little after six o'clock, quite alarmed,
and said: 'There has just been a singular inclination of the needle in
twenty-four degrees. And remarkably enough, its northern extremity pointed
to the east.'"</p>
<p>We again find in Peary's first voyage—page 67,—the following:
"It had been observed that from the moment they had entered Lancaster
Sound, the motion of the compass needle was very sluggish, and both this
and its deviation increased as they progressed to the westward, and
continued to do so in descending this inlet. Having reached latitude 73
degrees, they witnessed for the first time the curious phenomenon of the
directive power of the needle becoming so weak as to be completely
overcome by the attraction of the ship, so that the needle might now be
said to point to the north pole of the ship.")</p>
<p>The sea was serenely smooth, with hardly a choppy wave, and the wind brisk
and exhilarating. The sun's rays, while striking us aslant, furnished
tranquil warmth. And thus time wore on day after day, and we found from
the record in our logbook, we had been sailing eleven days since the storm
in the open sea.</p>
<p>By strictest economy, our food was holding out fairly well, but beginning
to run low. In the meantime, one of our casks of water had been exhausted,
and my father said: "We will fill it again." But, to our dismay, we found
the water was now as salt as in the region of the Lofoden Islands off the
coast of Norway. This necessitated our being extremely careful of the
remaining cask.</p>
<p>I found myself wanting to sleep much of the time; whether it was the
effect of the exciting experience of sailing in unknown waters, or the
relaxation from the awful excitement incident to our adventure in a storm
at sea, or due to want of food, I could not say.</p>
<p>I frequently lay down on the bunker of our little sloop, and looked far up
into the blue dome of the sky; and, notwithstanding the sun was shining
far away in the east, I always saw a single star overhead. For several
days, when I looked for this star, it was always there directly above us.</p>
<p>It was now, according to our reckoning, about the first of August. The sun
was high in the heavens, and was so bright that I could no longer see the
one lone star that attracted my attention a few days earlier.</p>
<p>One day about this time, my father startled me by calling my attention to
a novel sight far in front of us, almost at the horizon. "It is a mock
sun," exclaimed my father. "I have read of them; it is called a reflection
or mirage. It will soon pass away."</p>
<p>But this dull-red, false sun, as we supposed it to be, did not pass away
for several hours; and while we were unconscious of its emitting any rays
of light, still there was no time thereafter when we could not sweep the
horizon in front and locate the illumination of the so-called false sun,
during a period of at least twelve hours out of every twenty-four.</p>
<p>Clouds and mists would at times almost, but never entirely, hide its
location. Gradually it seemed to climb higher in the horizon of the
uncertain purply sky as we advanced.</p>
<p>It could hardly be said to resemble the sun, except in its circular shape,
and when not obscured by clouds or the ocean mists, it had a hazy-red,
bronzed appearance, which would change to a white light like a luminous
cloud, as if reflecting some greater light beyond.</p>
<p>We finally agreed in our discussion of this smoky furnace-colored sun,
that, whatever the cause of the phenomenon, it was not a reflection of our
sun, but a planet of some sort—a reality.(13)</p>
<p>(13 Nansen, on page 394, says: "To-day another noteworthy thing happened,
which was that about mid-day we saw the sun, or to be more correct, an
image of the sun, for it was only a mirage. A peculiar impression was
produced by the sight of that glowing fire lit just above the outermost
edge of the ice. According to the enthusiastic descriptions given by many
Arctic travelers of the first appearance of this god of life after the
long winter night, the impression ought to be one of jubilant excitement;
but it was not so in my case. We had not expected to see it for some days
yet, so that my feeling was rather one of pain, of disappointment that we
must have drifted farther south than we thought. So it was with pleasure I
soon discovered that it could not be the sun itself. The mirage was at
first a flattened-out, glowing red, streak of fire on the horizon; later
there were two streaks, the one above the other, with a dark space
between; and from the maintop I could see four, or even five, such
horizontal lines directly over one another, all of equal length, as if one
could only imagine a square, dull-red sun, with horizontal dark streaks
across it.")</p>
<p>One day soon after this, I felt exceedingly drowsy, and fell into a sound
sleep. But it seemed that I was almost immediately aroused by my father's
vigorous shaking of me by the shoulder and saying: "Olaf, awaken; there is
land in sight!"</p>
<p>I sprang to my feet, and oh! joy unspeakable! There, far in the distance,
yet directly in our path, were lands jutting boldly into the sea. The
shore-line stretched far away to the right of us, as far as the eye could
see, and all along the sandy beach were waves breaking into choppy foam,
receding, then going forward again, ever chanting in monotonous thunder
tones the song of the deep. The banks were covered with trees and
vegetation.</p>
<p>I cannot express my feeling of exultation at this discovery. My father
stood motionless, with his hand on the tiller, looking straight ahead,
pouring out his heart in thankful prayer and thanksgiving to the gods Odin
and Thor.</p>
<p>In the meantime, a net which we found in the stowage had been cast, and we
caught a few fish that materially added to our dwindling stock of
provisions.</p>
<p>The compass, which we had fastened back in its place, in fear of another
storm, was still pointing due north, and moving on its pivot, just as it
had at Stockholm. The dipping of the needle had ceased. What could this
mean? Then, too, our many days of sailing had certainly carried us far
past the North Pole. And yet the needle continued to point north. We were
sorely perplexed, for surely our direction was now south.(14)</p>
<p>(14 Peary's first voyage, pages 69 and 70, says:</p>
<p>"On reaching Sir Byam Martin's Island, the nearest to<br/>
Melville Island, the latitude of the place of observation was<br/>
75 degrees - 09' - 23", and the longitude 103<br/>
degrees - 44' - 37"; the dip of the magnetic needle 88<br/>
degrees - 25' - 56" west in the longitude of 91<br/>
degrees - 48', where the last observations on the shore<br/>
had been made, to 165 degrees - 50' - 09", east, at<br/>
their present station, so that we had," says Peary, "in sailing<br/>
over the space included between these two meridians, crossed<br/>
immediately northward of the magnetic pole, and had undoubtedly<br/>
passed over one of those spots upon the globe where the needle<br/>
would have been found to vary 180 degrees, or in other<br/>
words, where the North Pole would have pointed to the south.")<br/></p>
<p>We sailed for three days along the shoreline, then came to the mouth of a
fjord or river of immense size. It seemed more like a great bay, and into
this we turned our fishing-craft, the direction being slightly northeast
of south. By the assistance of a fretful wind that came to our aid about
twelve hours out of every twenty-four, we continued to make our way
inland, into what afterward proved to be a mighty river, and which we
learned was called by the inhabitants Hiddekel.</p>
<p>We continued our journey for ten days thereafter, and found we had
fortunately attained a distance inland where ocean tides no longer
affected the water, which had become fresh.</p>
<p>The discovery came none too soon, for our remaining cask of water was
well-nigh exhausted. We lost no time in replenishing our casks, and
continued to sail farther up the river when the wind was favorable.</p>
<p>Along the banks great forests miles in extent could be seen stretching
away on the shore-line. The trees were of enormous size. We landed after
anchoring near a sandy beach, and waded ashore, and were rewarded by
finding a quantity of nuts that were very palatable and satisfying to
hunger, and a welcome change from the monotony of our stock of provisions.</p>
<p>It was about the first of September, over five months, we calculated,
since our leave-taking from Stockholm. Suddenly we were frightened almost
out of our wits by hearing in the far distance the singing of people. Very
soon thereafter we discovered a huge ship gliding down the river directly
toward us. Those aboard were singing in one mighty chorus that, echoing
from bank to bank, sounded like a thousand voices, filling the whole
universe with quivering melody. The accompaniment was played on stringed
instruments not unlike our harps.</p>
<p>It was a larger ship than any we had ever seen, and was differently
constructed.(15)</p>
<p>(15 Asiatic Mythology,—page 240, "Paradise found"—from
translation by Sayce, in a book called "Records of the Past," we were told
of a "dwelling" which "the gods created for" the first human beings,—a
dwelling in which they "became great" and "increased in numbers," and the
location of which is described in words exactly corresponding to those of
Iranian, Indian, Chinese, Eddaic and Aztecan literature; namely, "in the
center of the earth."—Warren.)</p>
<p>At this particular time our sloop was becalmed, and not far from the
shore. The bank of the river, covered with mammoth trees, rose up several
hundred feet in beautiful fashion. We seemed to be on the edge of some
primeval forest that doubtless stretched far inland.</p>
<p>The immense craft paused, and almost immediately a boat was lowered and
six men of gigantic stature rowed to our little fishing-sloop. They spoke
to us in a strange language. We knew from their manner, however, that they
were not unfriendly. They talked a great deal among themselves, and one of
them laughed immoderately, as though in finding us a queer discovery had
been made. One of them spied our compass, and it seemed to interest them
more than any other part of our sloop.</p>
<p>Finally, the leader motioned as if to ask whether we were willing to leave
our craft to go on board their ship. "What say you, my son?" asked my
father. "They cannot do any more than kill us."</p>
<p>"They seem to be kindly disposed," I replied, "although what terrible
giants! They must be the select six of the kingdom's crack regiment. Just
look at their great size."</p>
<p>"We may as well go willingly as be taken by force," said my father,
smiling, "for they are certainly able to capture us." Thereupon he made
known, by signs, that we were ready to accompany them.</p>
<p>Within a few minutes we were on board the ship, and half an hour later our
little fishing-craft had been lifted bodily out of the water by a strange
sort of hook and tackle, and set on board as a curiosity.</p>
<p>There were several hundred people on board this, to us, mammoth ship,
which we discovered was called "The Naz," meaning, as we afterward
learned, "Pleasure," or to give a more proper interpretation, "Pleasure
Excursion" ship.</p>
<p>If my father and I were curiously observed by the ship's occupants, this
strange race of giants offered us an equal amount of wonderment.</p>
<p>There was not a single man aboard who would not have measured fully twelve
feet in height. They all wore full beards, not particularly long, but
seemingly short-cropped. They had mild and beautiful faces, exceedingly
fair, with ruddy complexions. The hair and beard of some were black,
others sandy, and still others yellow. The captain, as we designated the
dignitary in command of the great vessel, was fully a head taller than any
of his companions. The women averaged from ten to eleven feet in height.
Their features were especially regular and refined, while their complexion
was of a most delicate tint heightened by a healthful glow.(16)</p>
<p>(16 "According to all procurable data, that spot at the era of man's
appearance upon the stage was in the now lost 'Miocene continent,' which
then surrounded the Arctic Pole. That in that true, original Eden some of
the early generations of men attained to a stature and longevity unequaled
in any countries known to postdiluvian history is by no means
scientifically incredible."—Wm. F. Warren, "Paradise Found," p.
284.)</p>
<p>Both men and women seemed to possess that particular ease of manner which
we deem a sign of good breeding, and, notwithstanding their huge statures,
there was nothing about them suggesting awkwardness. As I was a lad in
only my nineteenth year, I was doubtless looked upon as a true Tom Thumb.
My father's six feet three did not lift the top of his head above the
waist line of these people.</p>
<p>Each one seemed to vie with the others in extending courtesies and showing
kindness to us, but all laughed heartily, I remember, when they had to
improvise chairs for my father and myself to sit at table. They were
richly attired in a costume peculiar to themselves, and very attractive.
The men were clothed in handsomely embroidered tunics of silk and satin
and belted at the waist. They wore knee-breeches and stockings of a fine
texture, while their feet were encased in sandals adorned with gold
buckles. We early discovered that gold was one of the most common metals
known, and that it was used extensively in decoration.</p>
<p>Strange as it may seem, neither my father nor myself felt the least bit of
solicitude for our safety. "We have come into our own," my father said to
me. "This is the fulfillment of the tradition told me by my father and my
father's father, and still back for many generations of our race. This is,
assuredly, the land beyond the North Wind."</p>
<p>We seemed to make such an impression on the party that we were given
specially into the charge of one of the men, Jules Galdea, and his wife,
for the purpose of being educated in their language; and we, on our part,
were just as eager to learn as they were to instruct.</p>
<p>At the captain's command, the vessel was swung cleverly about, and began
retracing its course up the river. The machinery, while noiseless, was
very powerful.</p>
<p>The banks and trees on either side seemed to rush by. The ship's speed, at
times, surpassed that of any railroad train on which I have ever ridden,
even here in America. It was wonderful.</p>
<p>In the meantime we had lost sight of the sun's rays, but we found a
radiance "within" emanating from the dull-red sun which had already
attracted our attention, now giving out a white light seemingly from a
cloud-bank far away in front of us. It dispensed a greater light, I should
say, than two full moons on the clearest night.</p>
<p>In twelve hours this cloud of whiteness would pass out of sight as if
eclipsed, and the twelve hours following corresponded with our night. We
early learned that these strange people were worshipers of this great
cloud of night. It was "The Smoky God" of the "Inner World."</p>
<p>The ship was equipped with a mode of illumination which I now presume was
electricity, but neither my father nor myself were sufficiently skilled in
mechanics to understand whence came the power to operate the ship, or to
maintain the soft beautiful lights that answered the same purpose of our
present methods of lighting the streets of our cities, our houses and
places of business.</p>
<p>It must be remembered, the time of which I write was the autumn of 1829,
and we of the "outside" surface of the earth knew nothing then, so to
speak, of electricity.</p>
<p>The electrically surcharged condition of the air was a constant vitalizer.
I never felt better in my life than during the two years my father and I
sojourned on the inside of the earth.</p>
<p>To resume my narrative of events; The ship on which we were sailing came
to a stop two days after we had been taken on board. My father said as
nearly as he could judge, we were directly under Stockholm or London. The
city we had reached was called "Jehu," signifying a seaport town. The
houses were large and beautifully constructed, and quite uniform in
appearance, yet without sameness. The principal occupation of the people
appeared to be agriculture; the hillsides were covered with vineyards,
while the valleys were devoted to the growing of grain.</p>
<p>I never saw such a display of gold. It was everywhere. The door-casings
were inlaid and the tables were veneered with sheetings of gold. Domes of
the public buildings were of gold. It was used most generously in the
finishings of the great temples of music.</p>
<p>Vegetation grew in lavish exuberance, and fruit of all kinds possessed the
most delicate flavor. Clusters of grapes four and five feet in length,
each grape as large as an orange, and apples larger than a man's head
typified the wonderful growth of all things on the "inside" of the earth.</p>
<p>The great redwood trees of California would be considered mere underbrush
compared with the giant forest trees extending for miles and miles in all
directions. In many directions along the foothills of the mountains vast
herds of cattle were seen during the last day of our travel on the river.</p>
<p>We heard much of a city called "Eden," but were kept at "Jehu" for an
entire year. By the end of that time we had learned to speak fairly well
the language of this strange race of people. Our instructors, Jules Galdea
and his wife, exhibited a patience that was truly commendable.</p>
<p>One day an envoy from the Ruler at "Eden" came to see us, and for two
whole days my father and myself were put through a series of surprising
questions. They wished to know from whence we came, what sort of people
dwelt "without," what God we worshiped, our religious beliefs, the mode of
living in our strange land, and a thousand other things.</p>
<p>The compass which we had brought with us attracted especial attention. My
father and I commented between ourselves on the fact that the compass
still pointed north, although we now knew that we had sailed over the
curve or edge of the earth's aperture, and were far along southward on the
"inside" surface of the earth's crust, which, according to my father's
estimate and my own, is about three hundred miles in thickness from the
"inside" to the "outside" surface. Relatively speaking, it is no thicker
than an egg-shell, so that there is almost as much surface on the "inside"
as on the "outside" of the earth.</p>
<p>The great luminous cloud or ball of dull-red fire—fiery-red in the
mornings and evenings, and during the day giving off a beautiful white
light, "The Smoky God,"—is seemingly suspended in the center of the
great vacuum "within" the earth, and held to its place by the immutable
law of gravitation, or a repellant atmospheric force, as the case may be.
I refer to the known power that draws or repels with equal force in all
directions.</p>
<p>The base of this electrical cloud or central luminary, the seat of the
gods, is dark and non-transparent, save for innumerable small openings,
seemingly in the bottom of the great support or altar of the Deity, upon
which "The Smoky God" rests; and, the lights shining through these many
openings twinkle at night in all their splendor, and seem to be stars, as
natural as the stars we saw shining when in our home at Stockholm,
excepting that they appear larger. "The Smoky God," therefore, with each
daily revolution of the earth, appears to come up in the east and go down
in the west, the same as does our sun on the external surface. In reality,
the people "within" believe that "The Smoky God" is the throne of their
Jehovah, and is stationary. The effect of night and day is, therefore,
produced by the earth's daily rotation.</p>
<p>I have since discovered that the language of the people of the Inner World
is much like the Sanskrit.</p>
<p>After we had given an account of ourselves to the emissaries from the
central seat of government of the inner continent, and my father had, in
his crude way, drawn maps, at their request, of the "outside" surface of
the earth, showing the divisions of land and water, and giving the name of
each of the continents, large islands and the oceans, we were taken
overland to the city of "Eden," in a conveyance different from anything we
have in Europe or America. This vehicle was doubtless some electrical
contrivance. It was noiseless, and ran on a single iron rail in perfect
balance. The trip was made at a very high rate of speed. We were carried
up hills and down dales, across valleys and again along the sides of steep
mountains, without any apparent attempt having been made to level the
earth as we do for railroad tracks. The car seats were huge yet
comfortable affairs, and very high above the floor of the car. On the top
of each car were high geared fly wheels lying on their sides, which were
so automatically adjusted that, as the speed of the car increased, the
high speed of these fly wheels geometrically increased. Jules Galdea
explained to us that these revolving fan-like wheels on top of the cars
destroyed atmospheric pressure, or what is generally understood by the
term gravitation, and with this force thus destroyed or rendered nugatory
the car is as safe from falling to one side or the other from the single
rail track as if it were in a vacuum; the fly wheels in their rapid
revolutions destroying effectually the so-called power of gravitation, or
the force of atmospheric pressure or whatever potent influence it may be
that causes all unsupported things to fall downward to the earth's surface
or to the nearest point of resistance.</p>
<p>The surprise of my father and myself was indescribable when, amid the
regal magnificence of a spacious hall, we were finally brought before the
Great High Priest, ruler over all the land. He was richly robed, and much
taller than those about him, and could not have been less than fourteen or
fifteen feet in height. The immense room in which we were received seemed
finished in solid slabs of gold thickly studded with jewels, of amazing
brilliancy.</p>
<p>The city of "Eden" is located in what seems to be a beautiful valley, yet,
in fact, it is on the loftiest mountain plateau of the Inner Continent,
several thousand feet higher than any portion of the surrounding country.
It is the most beautiful place I have ever beheld in all my travels. In
this elevated garden all manner of fruits, vines, shrubs, trees, and
flowers grow in riotous profusion.</p>
<p>In this garden four rivers have their source in a mighty artesian
fountain. They divide and flow in four directions. This place is called by
the inhabitants the "navel of the earth," or the beginning, "the cradle of
the human race." The names of the rivers are the Euphrates, the Pison, the
Gihon, and the Hiddekel.(17)</p>
<p>(17 "And the Lord God planted a garden, and out of the ground made the
Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for
food."—The Book of Genesis.)</p>
<p>The unexpected awaited us in this palace of beauty, in the finding of our
little fishing-craft. It had been brought before the High Priest in
perfect shape, just as it had been taken from the waters that day when it
was loaded on board the ship by the people who discovered us on the river
more than a year before.</p>
<p>We were given an audience of over two hours with this great dignitary, who
seemed kindly disposed and considerate. He showed himself eagerly
interested, asking us numerous questions, and invariably regarding things
about which his emissaries had failed to inquire.</p>
<p>At the conclusion of the interview he inquired our pleasure, asking us
whether we wished to remain in his country or if we preferred to return to
the "outer" world, providing it were possible to make a successful return
trip, across the frozen belt barriers that encircle both the northern and
southern openings of the earth.</p>
<p>My father replied: "It would please me and my son to visit your country
and see your people, your colleges and palaces of music and art, your
great fields, your wonderful forests of timber; and after we have had this
pleasurable privilege, we should like to try to return to our home on the
'outside' surface of the earth. This son is my only child, and my good
wife will be weary awaiting our return."</p>
<p>"I fear you can never return," replied the Chief High Priest, "because the
way is a most hazardous one. However, you shall visit the different
countries with Jules Galdea as your escort, and be accorded every courtesy
and kindness. Whenever you are ready to attempt a return voyage, I assure
you that your boat which is here on exhibition shall be put in the waters
of the river Hiddekel at its mouth, and we will bid you Jehovah-speed."</p>
<p>Thus terminated our only interview with the High Priest or Ruler of the
continent.</p>
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